They put that extra fabric to test out the washing
Whenever you buy new clothes, every now and then, you get a tiny bag with some fabric inside. Most people believe the manufacturer includes it because, if the pants or shirt tears, you may need this extra piece of fabric. Well, although this may be a great use for the fabric swatch, it is only a secondary one.
Any guesses? Well, the manufacturer includes that small sample of material so you can see how different laundry detergents react to your new clothing so that you don’t damage your complete outfit by washing it in the wrong way. You can test it by washing it with washing powder or bleach to see whether it shrinks or bleeds color.